The Model S generations we buy
The Model S launched in 2012 as Tesla's flagship liftback sedan and went through continual battery and motor changes, including dual-motor all-wheel drive from late 2014 and a nose redesign for 2016. A major interior and powertrain refresh for 2021 brought the Plaid tri-motor version, a yoke-style steering control on early refreshed cars, and a horizontal center screen. Earlier cars are now well out of their original warranties.
For a Southern California buyer, documented battery range at a full charge, Supercharging history, and whether the MCU has been upgraded are central questions. Free Supercharging and driver-assistance features were tied to specific original-order terms on some early cars, so paperwork matters.